What are the characteristics of transformer oil ?
The properties of transformer oil or switch gear oil are recommended in IS 335 : 1963. The fresh dielectric oil has a pale yellow colour.
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| 3-phase a.c. transformer |
A dark colour or cloudy appearance indicates deterioration. The dielectric oil should never contain suspended particles, water soluble acids, active sulphur or colloidal carbon. These impurities cause oil deterioration.
Higher flash point (145°C ) is preferred. Flash point indicates the tendency to evaporate. For flash point lower than 135°C , the oil evaporates quickly and its viscosity rises.
Characteristics of transformer insulating oil :
- Is should have dielectric strength not less than 40 KV (r.m.s.) in the transformer tank for new untreated and for the gap of 4 mm of the electrodes.
- If should be free from moisture contents and water vapour.
- The oil should be perfectly clear and pale in colour, transparent and free from suspended matter of sediments.
- Acidity contents should be very low in the oil.
- It should have high flash point i.e., 104°C and lower points as per specifications laid down.
- The oil should be chemically stable.
- It should posses low viscosity.
- The sludge value of the oil after treating should be 1.2%.
- Density of oil at 20°C should be 0.89 gm/cm³.
- Mineral oil grade B should be used.
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